
HEC 'Y' Category
Data fabrication/falsification
Data falsification and fabrication are serious issues that violate the code of ethics of publishing and jeopardize the integrity of research and the trustworthiness of researchers. Changing, manipulating, or making up research results or data and reporting them as true so that the research may be maneuvered for a targeted outcome is a serious malpractice. To ensure this, we have a signed copyright declaration statement and a conflict of interest and data falsification/ fabrication statement from the authors.
As a first step, it ensures a strict implementation of the plagiarism policy and checks the similarity index and AI (from November 2025 onward) for all its incoming articles. The permissible limit for the similarity index and AI is 19% or below.
The second step includes a warning issued by the Editor.
As a third step, any such article that may have defied the first two stages will be retracted from the journal’s website.
As a final step, NIJBM reserves the right to officially notify the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan, for further action to be taken against such fraudulent researchers.

HEC 'Y' Category
Editor: Dr. Aijaz Mustafa Hashmi
Managing Editor: Dr. Ishtiaq Ahmad
Publication Frequency: Bi-annual
ISSN: 2521-473X (online); 2410-5392 (print)
Area of Publication: Business Studies
Publication Fee
Submission Fee (non-refundable): Rs. 1,000
Processing Fee : Rs. 9,500
Publication Fee : Rs. 9,500
NIJBM is indexed in

NUML International Journal of Business & Management is
Published by
Faculty of Management Sciences, NUML, Islamabad, Pakistan
NUML International Journal of Business & Management is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0).